Controller.



No. 744,665. A PATENTED NOV. 17, 1903. T. VON ZWEIGBBRGK.

CONTROLLER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 7, 1902. Y

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No. 744,665. PATENTED NOV. 17, 1903. T. VON ZWEIGBERGK.

CONTROLLER.

APPI IOATION FILED APR. 7, 1902.

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UNITED STATES atented November 17, 1903.

PATENT EEIcE.

CONTROLLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,665, dated November17, 1903.

Application iiled April 7, 1902. Serial No. 101,664. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THons'rEN von ZWEI@- BERGK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Preston, in the county of Lancaster, England, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Controllers, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings.

The object of this invention isy to provide a combined governing andbraking controller which shall occupy a minimum space and be of greatsimplicity of construction and operation. To accomplish this, I providein the controller a governing-switch adapted to cut in or out resistanceand a brake switch adapted to be thrown by a movement of thegoverning-lever backward from the cit position to make such connectionsthat the further backward movement of such lever will apply the brake onthe same notches as were used for power-circuit, but in reversedrotation. Thus the same contacts on the governing-switch and the sameresistance which were in action at the last position in running are inaction for 'the tirst position in braking, the next to the last runningposition being the second braking position, and so on, the last brakingposition being the first running position, the same resistance which wasgradually cutout in running being thus gradually out in in braking. Thecontacts are so arranged that in ruiming the motors are connected inparallel and in braking the armature of the tlrst motor is closed withthe lield of the second and the armature of the second with the field ofthe lirst. Insuch closed circuits the resistance is common to eachcircuit, being a shunt across the lines connecting the fields andarmatures of each motor, wherefore this resistance regulates the brakingaction of both motors. No equalizer, however, is required ou account ofany difference in the motors, for the coupling of the field of eachmotor with the armature of the other mutually equalizes them. Thearmatures and fields of the two motors are permanently connectedtogether in. one local series circuit. This circuit is grounded and forrunning is connected at the opposite point with the power, the motorsbeing thus on a In the braking derived or parallel circuit.

positions the power is disconnected and a bridge is established acrossthe local circuit to close the armature ot' one motor on the iield ofthe other. This arrangement does not disturb any of the motor-leads andrequires simply three lines leading from the local motor-circuit to thecontroller-nam ely, one line for the power and two lines which whenconnected together constitute the bridge. This makes a very simple andcheap installation and is one of the features of this invention.

The drawings clearly illustrate the invention, Figure l being a sideelevation of a controller embodying it; Fig. 2, a horizontal section ofthe same on the line 2 2 of Fig. l, and Fig. 3 a top plan. Fig. 4t is adiagram showing the development of the two controller-cylinders and thecircuits; and Figs. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the connection of thecircuits in action for power and braking, respectively.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the governing controller-barrel,carrying contactsegments and rotatable by the operating-lever A. Thesegments are all electrically connected together, being insulated fromthe shaft and controller-frame, as by the bushings ct". As hereinafterexplained, the segment d is in engagement for all operative positionsand the segments Ct', a2, a3, @Hand a5 for running positions l to 5,respectively.

B represents the barrel of the brakingswitch, carrying segments b' b2 b3b4, the segments b and b3 being insulated from the segments b2 and b4and all from the controllerrame, as indicated by the washers b". Ashereinafter explained, the segments bl b2 are in action for power and b3b4 for braking.

On the upper end of the brake-switch B is the wing b, which coperateswith the disk d on the governing-barrel A. This wing b has a pair ofconcave surfaces lf and bs, between which is a notch bf. The disk a hasa projection a9, on opposite sides of which the- ICO correspondingcontact-fingers, as shown. As the governing-switch is turned in therighthand direction to bring contacts et a2 CL3 a4 d5 successively intoengagement with their' contact-fingers the braking-switch remainsstationary, being locked by the periphery of the disk a6.

When it is desired to apply the brake, the handle A/ is turnedbackwardthat is, in the direction of a left-hand rotation-from the offposition, which causes the projection a9 toengage the notch b9, therebyswinging the brakeswitch on its axis, bringing the concave surface hsagainst the periphery of the disk a6 and bringing the contact-segmentsb3 b4 into engagement with the corresponding contactingers, thuschanging the contacts to establish braking-circuits. Thereafter themovement of the governing-switch brings the segments a5 a aged aconsecutively into engagement with their corresponding contact-fingersin the reverse order from the power governing.

I will now describe the circuits. The contact-fingers, wherever shown,are given the same designation as the lines leading to them.

In the diagrams, r represents the governing resistance. The linesleading from opposite ends thereof are designated, respectively, R andR', and the lines leading to intermediate portions of the resistance aredesignated R2 R3 R4.

Q represents a line and corresponding contact-fingers connecting thegoverning-switch with the brake-switch.

T represents the line from the trolley or other source of current.

M M M2 represent the lines from the brakeswitch to the motors andbranching as follows: M through the armature and eld of motor No. l andthrough the field and armature of motor No. 2, respectively, M branchingthrough the armature and field of the iirst motor, and M2 through thearmature and field ot' the second motor.

G represents a line branching from the field of the first motor and thearmature to the second motor to the ground.

A F A2 F2 represent the armatures and eld of the two motors,respectively, or the lines leading to these parts.

The five positions of the governing-switch are indicated by the numberedlines in the diagram Fig. 4t. The corresponding positions of thecontroller-barrel are indicated by the same numbering on Fig. 3 and thepositions of the pointer on the operating-lever by corresponding Romannumerals.

In the first power position the circuit leads from the trolley T throughthe segment h to the line R, through the resistance r, to the line R',to the plate ct, to the plate c, to the line Q, to the segment b2, tothe line M, and from thence branching through the armature and field ofmotor No. 1 and the field and armature of motor No. 2, respectively, tothe line G and the ground. The successive positions of thegoverning-cylinder simply cut out resistance, the circuit passing fromthe line R to the plates a2 to (t5, successively, via the lines R2R3R4,and finally directly. These circuits are illustrated in condensed formin Fig. 5, which shows the running positions, the motors beingoppositely in parallel. Now when the lever A is turned from the o'ltposition backward into the brake positions the segments b3 b4 arebrought into action with the corresponding contact-fingers through theaction of the disk a and the wing h6, and this operates to disconnectthe trolley and the ground andl place the resistance in a shunt betweenthe motors. In the circuits for the first brake position (whichcorresponds to the iit'th running position) the lines T R M are out ofservice. Starting from the contactplate h3, the circuit passes via theline R, through the resistance r, to the plate c5, to the plate c, tothe line Q, to the line IW, thence branching, one line passing throughthe armature of motor No. l, the iield of motor No. 2, and the otherline passing through the field ot' motor No. 1 and the armature of motorNo.2, and the lines meshing at the line M2, which connects with thecontact-plate h3, our starting-point. There are thus establishedcircuits, as shown in Fig. 6, wherein the armature of motor No. l isclosed on the iield of motor No. 2, and the armature ot motor No. 2 isclosed on the field ot motor No. l, by reason of the resistance beingshunted across them. These closed circuits provide braking action, andno equalizer is necessary, the motors being mutually equalized, and noreversal of any motor-lead being required. The successive movements ofthe lever in applying the brake simply cut in the resistance withoutVarying the circuits.

It is to be particularly noticed that any difference in the operation ofthe two motors is immaterial in my braking system, because the tield ofone motor is coupled with the armature ofthe other, so that each of thetwo closed braking-circuits modifies the other through the shunt untilthey are equal.

I-Iaving described my invention, I claiml. The combination of a pair ofserieswound motors connected together in series independently of thecontroller, the Iields and armatures being thus on a closed localcircuit, and a controller adapted to convert said local circuit into aderived circuit from the source of current, or form abridge across itfor braking action.

2. A pair of motors having their armatures and fields connected in onelocal series circuit which is independent of the controller and isgrounded, combined with a controller adapted to connect a power-line tosaid local circuit whereby it becomes a derived portion of thepower-circuit, or disconnect said powerline and establish a bridgeacross the local circuit to close the field of each motor on thearmature of the other.

3. A. pair of motors having their armatures rasees and elds permanentlyconnected together in one local series circuit, combined with acontroller arranged to establish a bridge across said circuit to closethe field of each motor on the armature of the other.

4. A pair of motors, having their armatn res and fields permanentlyconnected together in one local series circuit, combined with acontrolleradapted to disconnect the power and to establish a bridgeacross said l'ocal circuit tov close the field of each motor on thearmature of the other without disconnecting any of the motor-leads.

5. The combination ot a pairof motors,having their armatures and fieldspermanently connected together in one local series circuit, said`circuit being grounded, a controller, three lines leading from it tosaid local circuit, one line being adapted to convey power to the localcircuit, and the other two lines being adapted to form a bridge acrosssaid circuit to close the field of each motor on the armature of theother.

6. In a controlling system, in combination, a pair of motors, acontroller and connections suitably arranged, the controller beingadapt-i A ed to establish a shunt with resistance in it across the twomotors, closing the armature of each motor on the field of the othermotor through said shunt, said controller having successive positionsadapted to leave the circuits as thus established but successively varythe resistance in the shunt.

7. The combination of a governing-switch adapted to connect motorsinparallel and successively cut out resistance, and a brakingswitchadapted to change the connections to disconnect the power and establisha shunt across the motors, the armature of each motor being closed onthe field of the other, said governing-switch thereafter operating tovary the resistance in said shunt.

8. A governing-switch com prising a switchbody and an operative handleconnected therewith to move the switch-body in one direction or theother from the ott position when the handle is correspondingly moved, abraking-switch adapted to establish proper connections for power andbraking, and a connection between the braking-switch and thegoverning-switch whereby the latter is operated when the governingswitch passes through the ott position.

9. A governing-switch, having a plurality of positions, adapted to cutin or out resistance according to the direction of movement, anoperating-handle rigidly connected with said switch, combined with abraking-switch normally idle but connected to be operated when theoperating-handle passes through the ott position and to change theconnections so that the same positions of the operatinghandle maycontrol the power or the brake according to the direction of movement.

10. The combination with a pair of motors, having their armatures andfields connected in one local series circuit, of a governingswitchadapted to cut in or out resistance accordingto the direction of itsmovement, and a braking-switch adapted to be operated by thegoverning-switch when it passes through the ot'f position, to disconnectthe power and form a bridge across said local circuit.

1l. t pail-of series-wound motors connected together in series, thefields and armatures being thus on a closed local circuit, combined witha controller having a governing-switch adapted to cnt in or outresistance and a braking-switch thrown by the governing-switch when itpassesv through the off position and adapted according to the directionof movement either to convert said local circuit into a derived circuitJfrom the source of current or to disconnect the line from the 'sourceof current and establish a bridge across said local circuit to close thefield of each motor on the armature of the other.

12. The combination of a governing-switch adapted to connect motors inparallel, a braking-switch adapted to disconnect the power and establisha shunt across the motors, the armature of each motor being closed onthe field ot the other, and mechanism whereby the movement of thegoverning-switch backward from the oir" position moves thebrakingswitch.

13. ln a controller, the combination of a governing-switch comprising anoperatinghandle, and a switch-body having a plurality of positionsadapted to successively cut out resistance in one direction of movement,and cut in resistance in the opposite direction, a braking-switchadapted to be automatically shifted when the governing-switch body ismoved backward from its off position whereby the same positions of thegoverning-switch body may connect in the power or the brake according tothe direction of movement which brought said body into such position.

14. A controller adapted for use with two motors and having agoverning-switch adapted to be moved in either direction from its oiposition, the movements in one direction successively cutting ontresistance and the movements in the opposite direction establishing someot' the same contacts and successively cutting in resistance, and abraking-switch adapted to be 'thrown by the movement ofthegoverning-switch backward from the off position to place suchresista-nce in a shunt across the two motors to close the eld of eachmotor on the armature of the other.

IIO

15. En a controller, a braking-switch having` two positions one of whichcouples the motors in parallel and connects the same in a power-circuithaving resistance in it, and the other of which disconnects the powerand establishes a shunt with the resistance in it across the two motorsclosing the field of each whereby the moving of the governing-switchfrom the Cutting-ont positions to the cuttingin positions shifts thebrakingswitoh from the power to the braking position.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence oftwo Witnesses.

'IIIORS'IEN VON ZWEIG.BERGK.

Witnesses:

JOHN MAUNLmUs, 113. S. GARDNER.

